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About this book

Could faint lines on Mars reveal minds at work on another world?

In Mars and Its Mystery, zoologist Edward Sylvester Morse turns from living things on Earth to the red planet. Drawing on astronomer Percival Lowell and earlier observers, he asks whether Mars supports life—and whether intelligent beings shape its surface. Dark patches, white polar caps, and changing seasons become clues in a bold argument written for general readers.

The debate begins with Giovanni Schiaparelli’s map of fine lines across Mars. Morse follows those supposed canals toward a striking possibility: irrigation on a dry world. Most astronomers later reject the canals as real features. This is not a guide to current Mars science, but a chance to follow how observers build a sweeping idea from a faint, shaking image.

What you’ll discover

  • A naturalist looks skyward See how Morse tests ideas about another planet against his knowledge of earthly life.
  • Lines that spark debate Follow Schiaparelli’s observations into an argument about water, land, and possible intelligence.
  • A world in motion Explore the changing seasons and polar caps that draw Morse toward the question of life.
  • The irrigation hypothesis Consider why Morse and Lowell imagine a dry planet where water shapes the case for intelligence.
  • Science before certainty Encounter the gap between what an observer sees and what an observer concludes.

Who will love it

This is for readers who love the history of astronomy, scientific debates and the question of life beyond Earth, and who enjoy a lively, opinionated argument built from real observations.

What’s inside

The key ideas, in the 15-minute summary

  1. A naturalist asks about another world
  2. Personal observation makes Morse an advocate
  3. Mars offers familiar rhythms to observe
  4. Fine lines divide careful observers
  5. Seasonal changes suggest a living surface
  6. Scarce water suggests a shared plan
  7. Later evidence overturns the canal theory
  8. Connected clues still need reliable foundations

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Science & Nature

Mars and Its Mystery

by Edward Sylvester Morse · 1906

A naturalist with forty years at the microscope sits at a Flagstaff telescope and sees not one line on Mars.

Challenging2–5 hours to read20 languages

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In short

Picture a man who has spent forty years at the microscope sitting down at one of the finest telescopes of his day. He expects to see the famous canals of Mars at once.

Mars and Its Mystery by Edward Sylvester Morse, the cover

Mars and Its Mystery at a glance

Reading time
About 2 h 25 min1 h 55 min fast, 2 h 55 min slow
Length
34,800 words
Library level
Challenging long sentences, a rich vocabulary
First published
1906by Edward Sylvester Morse

Reading time at 238 words a minute (fast 300, slow 200). How long the classics take to read · Updated

From the 15-minute summary · Key idea 1

Earth is one small speck among countless suns

Morse opens with a lesson in scale. For ages, people believed their own ground was the centre of everything. Astronomy took that comfort away step by step. The Earth circles the Sun, and the Sun is one star among millions.

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15-minute summary
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Details
First published
1906
Language
English
Reading time
2 h 55 min
Level
Challenging

Cite this edition

Morse, Edward Sylvester. Mars and Its Mystery. Library of Alexandria, 2026, libraryofalexandria.com/products/mars-and-its-mystery.

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What is Mars and Its Mystery about?

It is a 1906 book for the general reader arguing that the lines seen on Mars were signs of intelligent life and irrigation. Morse reviews the astronomers' evidence, tests rival theories and adds notes from his own nights at the Lowell Observatory.

Who was Percival Lowell and why is the book dedicated to him?

Lowell was a Boston astronomer who built an observatory at Flagstaff, Arizona, mainly to study Mars. He believed the canals were irrigation works, and Morse, who observed at his telescope, dedicates the book to him.

What were the canals of Mars?

Canals were fine, straight lines that Schiaparelli reported on Mars in 1877, calling them canali, or channels. Some observers saw them as a network linked to round spots called oases, and some saw them double in the Martian seasons.

The author

Edward Sylvester Morse

1838–1925 · American zoologist and anthropologist

Edward Sylvester Morse (1838–1925) was an American zoologist and anthropologist. He was born in Portland, Maine, and died in Salem, Massachusetts. He lived and worked in Japan during the 1870s. His books include Japanese Homes and Their Surroundings (1886), Mars and Its Mystery (1906), and Japan Day by Day (1917).

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