Skip to the content
The Library
of Alexandria

The Elves and the Shoemaker

by Brothers Grimm · 1812 · 3 min read

In short

The Elves and the Shoemaker by Brothers Grimm is a story about a poor shoemaker whose mysterious helpers restore his fortunes. Honest and hardworking, he has only enough leather left for one pair of shoes. He cuts it out before bed and wakes to find perfectly finished shoes on his table. A customer pays extra for them, allowing him to buy leather for two pairs, then four. Each night, someone finishes the work, and the shoemaker becomes prosperous. Around Christmas, he and his wife hide behind a curtain and discover two little naked dwarfs making the shoes at midnight. His wife proposes thanking them with clothes, while he makes them tiny shoes. The couple leaves these gifts on the table instead of leather and hides again. Delighted, the elves dress themselves and dance out the door. They never return, but the shoemaker and his wife continue to do well for the rest of their lives.

There was once a shoemaker, who worked very hard and was very honest: but still he could not earn enough to live upon; and at last all he had in the world was gone, save just leather enough to make one pair of shoes.

Then he cut his leather out, all ready to make up the next day, meaning to rise early in the morning to his work. His conscience was clear and his heart light amidst all his troubles; so he went peaceably to bed, left all his cares to Heaven, and soon fell asleep. In the morning after he had said his prayers, he sat himself down to his work; when, to his great wonder, there stood the shoes all ready made, upon the table. The good man knew not what to say or think at such an odd thing happening. He looked at the workmanship; there was not one false stitch in the whole job; all was so neat and true, that it was quite a masterpiece.

The same day a customer came in, and the shoes suited him so well that he willingly paid a price higher than usual for them; and the poor shoemaker, with the money, bought leather enough to make two pairs more. In the evening he cut out the work, and went to bed early, that he might get up and begin betimes next day; but he was saved all the trouble, for when he got up in the morning the work was done ready to his hand. Soon in came buyers, who paid him handsomely for his goods, so that he bought leather enough for four pair more. He cut out the work again overnight and found it done in the morning, as before; and so it went on for some time: what was got ready in the evening was always done by daybreak, and the good man soon became thriving and well off again.

One evening, about Christmas-time, as he and his wife were sitting over the fire chatting together, he said to her, ‘I should like to sit up and watch tonight, that we may see who it is that comes and does my work for me.’ The wife liked the thought; so they left a light burning, and hid themselves in a corner of the room, behind a curtain that was hung up there, and watched what would happen.

As soon as it was midnight, there came in two little naked dwarfs; and they sat themselves upon the shoemaker’s bench, took up all the work that was cut out, and began to ply with their little fingers, stitching and rapping and tapping away at such a rate, that the shoemaker was all wonder, and could not take his eyes off them. And on they went, till the job was quite done, and the shoes stood ready for use upon the table. This was long before daybreak; and then they bustled away as quick as lightning.

The next day the wife said to the shoemaker. ‘These little wights have made us rich, and we ought to be thankful to them, and do them a good turn if we can. I am quite sorry to see them run about as they do; and indeed it is not very decent, for they have nothing upon their backs to keep off the cold. I’ll tell you what, I will make each of them a shirt, and a coat and waistcoat, and a pair of pantaloons into the bargain; and do you make each of them a little pair of shoes.’

The thought pleased the good cobbler very much; and one evening, when all the things were ready, they laid them on the table, instead of the work that they used to cut out, and then went and hid themselves, to watch what the little elves would do.

About midnight in they came, dancing and skipping, hopped round the room, and then went to sit down to their work as usual; but when they saw the clothes lying for them, they laughed and chuckled, and seemed mightily delighted.

Then they dressed themselves in the twinkling of an eye, and danced and capered and sprang about, as merry as could be; till at last they danced out at the door, and away over the green.

The good couple saw them no more; but everything went well with them from that time forward, as long as they lived.

What it means

The story centers on gratitude expressed through practical kindness. The shoemaker is honest and works hard, yet he cannot escape poverty on his own. His recovery depends on unexpected help, showing that good fortune is not simply a reward for effort. Once his wife discovers the helpers, she notices that they lack clothing and proposes giving something back. The couple’s gifts answer that specific need rather than merely celebrating their own wealth. The elves’ delight makes this exchange joyful rather than a duty. Their departure also matters: the couple does not keep receiving free labor, but their happiness and prosperity continue.

Free for 3 months

200,000+ classics. Every format, free to start.

eBooks and 15-minute summaries, and any book printed at cost, large print too.

Start freeRenews every year · Cancel anytime

Three questions to think about

  1. How does the shoemaker’s behavior before receiving help shape your view of his later good fortune?
  2. What does the wife’s plan for clothing the elves reveal about her understanding of gratitude?
  3. How does the elves’ joyful departure affect the meaning of the couple’s gifts?

Free for 3 months

200,000+ classics. Every format, free to start.

eBooks and 15-minute summaries, and any book printed at cost, large print too.

Start freeRenews every year · Cancel anytime
Next taleBeauty and the BeastJeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont · 22 min read
A story a day, in your inbox One free classic story each morning. Unsubscribe any time.