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A reading guide

Myths and legends from around the world

These mythology books gather myths and legends from around the world for readers seeking the stories behind gods, heroes and familiar names. Start with Bulfinch's Mythology for retellings that move from ancient gods to Arthur and his knights.

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Where to start

  1. Start hereBulfinch's MythologyThomas Bulfinch

    Start with retellings that explain references in literature and art, moving from gods and monsters to Arthur and his knights.

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  2. Another way inThe HeroesCharles Kingsley

    Choose a quest led by Perseus, Jason or Theseus, with monsters, sea journeys and tests of courage giving each story direction.

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  3. Or tryOld Indian LegendsZitkala-Sa

    For a mischievous mood, follow Iktomi's search for food and advantage as his clever schemes turn against him.

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The books

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Greek and Roman

#First publishedBookKindRead
1
Bulfinch's MythologyThomas Bulfinch

Retellings of gods, monsters and knights explain stories encountered in literature and art, moving from ancient mythology to Arthurian adventures.

StoriesFree to startRead free
21880
Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and RomeE. M. Berens

An ordered account brings together Greek and Roman gods, their worship, and heroic adventures where divine powers meet human lives.

StoriesFree to startRead free
31856
The HeroesCharles Kingsley

Perseus, Jason and Theseus undertake quests involving Medusa, the golden fleece and dangerous journeys that test courage and conduct.

StoriesFree to startRead free
4About 750 BC
The OdysseyHomer

Odysseus faces storms, strange creatures and interfering gods while his family confronts threats at home in Ithaca.

Ancient textFree to startRead free
5
Hesiod, the Homeric Hymns, and HomericaHesiod

Greek poems gather the origins of the gods, heroic deeds and reflections on farming and justice into one collection.

Ancient textFree to startRead free
6About 19 BC
The AeneidVirgil

Aeneas leads survivors from Troy toward Italy, facing Juno's opposition as storms and loss threaten their search for a homeland.

Ancient textFree to startRead free

Norse, Celtic and the north

#First publishedBookKindRead
11909
Myths of the Norsemen: From the Eddas and SagasH. A. Guerber

Beginning with the world's creation, these stories introduce Norse gods, giants and heroes through their conflicts, homes and fears.

StoriesFree to startRead free
21911
Myths & Legends of the Celtic RaceT. W. Rolleston

Irish and Welsh tales of gods, warriors and enchanted voyages sit alongside an account of Celtic history and traditions.

StoriesFree to startRead free
3
The Poetic EddaAnonymous

Old Norse poems tell of the world's beginnings and destruction, alongside gods and heroes caught in loyalty and vengeance.

PoemsFree to startRead free
4
The MabinogionAnonymous

Medieval Welsh tales bring rulers, lovers and warriors into encounters with the Otherworld, magical transformations and seemingly impossible tasks.

StoriesFree to startRead free
51904
Gods and Fighting MenLady Gregory

Irish legends move from divine peoples struggling over Ireland to the hunts, loves and adventures of Finn and his companions.

StoriesFree to startRead free
6About 1220
The Younger EddaSnorri Sturluson

Stories of Odin, Thor, Loki and the giants explain the references and indirect expressions found in older Norse poetry.

StoriesFree to startRead free
71469
Le Morte DarthurThomas Malory

Arthur's rise and the Round Table's quests bring together tournaments, rescues and the search for the Holy Grail.

StoriesFree to startRead free
8About 1270
The Story of the Volsungs (Volsunga Saga)Unknown

A family claiming descent from Odin faces curses, dragon encounters and revenge across generations divided by conflicting duties.

StoriesFree to startRead free

Asia, Africa, the Americas and beyond

#First publishedBookKindRead
11913
Indian Myth and LegendDonald A. Mackenzie

Retold Indian stories follow gods and heroes from early hymns to the Ramayana and Mahabharata, tracing changing religious ideas.

StoriesFree to startRead free
21922
Myths and Legends of ChinaE. T. C. Werner

Creation stories, immortals and ghosts introduce Chinese traditions, from the heavenly court to spirits associated with everyday life.

StoriesFree to startRead free
31901
Old Indian LegendsZitkala-Sa

Dakota tales follow Iktomi and talking animals through schemes in which hunger, ambition and cleverness bring unexpected trouble.

StoriesFree to startRead free
41871
Tales of Old JapanAlgernon Freeman-Mitford

Japanese tales bring revenge, love and ghosts into lives shaped by competing wishes, social demands and obligations.

StoriesFree to startRead free
51913
The Myths of Mexico & PeruLewis Spence

Accounts of gods, creation and ritual explore Aztec, Inca and Maya beliefs through records of conquerors and early chroniclers.

Non-fictionFree to startRead free
6
Egyptian Tales, Translated from the Papyri: Second SeriesFlinders Petrie

Ancient Egyptian tales follow a prince's foretold fate, quarrelling brothers and a search for magic within a tomb.

StoriesFree to startRead free
71888
The Legends and Myths of HawaiiDavid Kalākaua

Hawaiian stories recount gods, chiefs and heroes, linking volcanic fire, the taming of the sun and island rulers.

StoriesFree to startRead free
8
Philippine Folk TalesMabel Cook Cole (compiler)

Philippine tales explain the origins of the world, people and animals, while spirits and heroes shape daily life.

StoriesFree to startRead free
91915
Myths of Babylonia and AssyriaDonald A. Mackenzie

Mesopotamian myths of Marduk, Ishtar and Gilgamesh appear alongside the history of the peoples who told their stories.

Non-fictionFree to startRead free
101920
An Old Babylonian Version of the Gilgamesh EpicMorris Jastrow; Albert Tobias Clay

Surviving Babylonian fragments tell of Gilgamesh's friendship with Enkidu in a story concerned with strength and fear of death.

Ancient textFree to startRead free

Questions

What are the best books of myths and legends?

Begin with Bulfinch's Mythology for a broad collection, then choose a tradition to explore. Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Rome orders the classical gods and heroes, while Myths of the Norsemen: From the Eddas and Sagas gathers northern gods and giants. Indian Myth and Legend follows Indian sacred stories from early hymns to the epics.

Where should I start with mythology?

Start with Bulfinch's Mythology if the aim is to understand stories referenced in literature and art. Its retellings move from ancient mythology to Arthur and his knights. For a more focused beginning, The Heroes follows Perseus, Jason and Theseus through monster encounters, sea voyages and tests of courage.

What is the difference between a myth and a legend?

A myth typically concerns gods, origins or the sacred order of the world, while a legend is usually attached to a person, place or supposed historical event. The categories overlap, and a single collection can contain both. The Mabinogion, for example, brings rulers and warriors into encounters with magic and the Otherworld.

Which mythology books are good for beginners?

The Heroes and Old Indian Legends are useful starting choices, offering different kinds of storytelling. The Heroes follows Greek quests with clear goals, including the search for the golden fleece. Old Indian Legends turns to Dakota trickster tales, where Iktomi's hunger and ambition repeatedly draw him into trouble.

Which myths are the oldest?

Mesopotamian and Egyptian traditions preserve some of the earliest surviving written myths. The age of a surviving written text does not establish when its story was first told. For a starting point, An Old Babylonian Version of the Gilgamesh Epic gathers surviving fragments about Gilgamesh and Enkidu, while Myths of Babylonia and Assyria retells creation stories and divine adventures.

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