The Iliad, Book 21 summary
Book 21 of 24 · 23 min to read the book
In Book 21, Achilles kills Trojans in the river until Scamander attacks him, and divine help saves him while the gods fight among themselves. Achilles then drives the survivors toward Troy, but Apollo rescues Agenor and takes his shape, drawing Achilles away so the Trojans can escape inside.
What happens
- Achilles traps Trojans in the river, takes twelve youths for sacrifice, and kills Lycaon despite his pleas for mercy.
- Achilles kills Asteropaeus and other warriors, filling Scamander with bodies until the river protests and attacks him.
- Neptune and Minerva reassure Achilles, while Juno sends Vulcan to burn the river into submission.
- The gods fight each other, but Apollo refuses combat with Neptune and returns to protect Troy.
- Priam orders the gates opened for the fugitives, and Apollo encourages Agenor to confront Achilles.
- Apollo rescues Agenor, assumes his appearance, and leads Achilles away while the Trojans crowd into the city.
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In this book
What to notice
Achilles uses his companion’s death to dismiss Lycaon’s plea. Grief becomes a justification for refusing mercy.
Quick check
How does Apollo draw Achilles away from the fleeing Trojans?
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