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The Federalist Papers, Federalist No. 58 summary

Federalist No. 58 of 85 · 8 min to read the paper

In Federalist No. 58, Madison argues that census rules, state interests, and the House’s control over funding protect increases in representation as population grows. He also warns that excessively large assemblies invite control by a few and that requiring more than majority approval gives minorities power to obstruct necessary government action.

What happens

  1. Madison argues that the temporary initial number of representatives and recurring census provide for representation to grow with population.
  2. He cites state experience and argues that larger States have strong reasons to support expanding the House.
  3. He explains how shifting Senate alliances and linking reapportionment to increases in Senate seats can overcome resistance.
  4. He presents the House’s control over government funding as its strongest means of securing reasonable demands.
  5. He warns that excessively large assemblies let skilled speakers and schemers dominate less capable members.
  6. He rejects higher voting thresholds because they allow minorities to block public measures, demand concessions, and disrupt government.

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Why might senators from fast-growing States support increases in the number of House seats?

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