Book summary
Краткое содержание: Армия Веллингтона, 1809–1814
- Чтение: 7 мин.
- 10 key ideas
- Аудио скоро
Wellington runs an army on mules, drill and the lash, and it marches from Lisbon to France.
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Армия Веллингтона, 1809–1814 — кратко о книге
Краткое содержание: 7 min на чтение
- Время чтения
- Около 8 h 25 min6 h 40 min fast, 10 h slow
- Длительность
- Слов: 119 800
- Уровень в библиотеке
- Сложное чтение long sentences, a rich vocabulary
- Первая публикация
- 1912by Чарльз Оман
Reading time at 238 words a minute (fast 300, slow 200). Сколько времени нужно на чтение классики · Обновлено
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Армия Веллингтона, 1809–1814 in short
Oman's argument is that Wellington's army won because of its inner workings. A cautious commander with exact knowledge of his enemy fought from hidden lines of two-deep infantry, screened by skirmishers, against French columns that could not use their muskets. Behind the line stood mixed divisions and a supply system of mules and convoys.
What Армия Веллингтона, 1809–1814 is about
What does it take to keep an army alive in a land that cannot feed it? Charles Oman, an Oxford historian, asks that question about Wellington's Peninsular Army, the force that fought the French in Portugal, Spain and southern France from 1809 to 1814. The book appeared in 1912, after Oman spent nine years on his large history of the war.
He shows the army from the inside, from generals and privates to drill, punishments, mules and cooks. Wellington said this army could go anywhere and do anything, and the book asks what made that true.
Для кого. Readers who enjoy military history, the Napoleonic wars and the daily life behind the battles will find a rich store of detail here, from Wellington's character to mules and rations.
The 10 key ideas
Key idea 1 · free to read
Soldiers wrote, and their memories need checking
Oman begins with a surprise. British soldiers wrote diaries and memoirs in huge numbers from about 1805, and more was set down in those ten years than in the whole eighteenth century. Sergeants and privates wrote almost as many books as officers did.
He sorts the sources with a plain rule. The sooner a book was written, the better it serves as evidence, so journals kept at the time, such as Tomkinson's cavalry diary, come first. Memoirs from memory alone come last, because memory plays tricks. Marbot claimed feats that cannot be true.
So Oman tests every author. Was he clear-headed, and does he contradict the records? Use a memoir for the spirit of a regiment, and check its facts.
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Wellington won trust but never won affection
Arthur Wellesley was thirty-nine when he took command in April 1809.
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Careful foresight beat the French before battle began
Three papers in Wellesley's own hand show how he thought.
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The two-deep line defeated the French column
The French had grown used to attacking in columns behind swarms of skirmishers.
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Cavalry and guns played supporting parts
Oman calls Wellington an infantry general, and he says the terrain and the home government helped make him one.
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Five lieutenants showed what character could do
Rowland Hill was the favorite of the army.
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Divisions grew out of trial and sound organization
Wellington had no chief of staff.
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Officers and recruits came from every corner
Rank was bought, and influence counted for more than money.
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Foreign troops filled out the allied army
The King's German Legion grew from the old Hanoverian army after Napoleon overran Hanover in 1803.
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Discipline, supply and the march held it together
Discipline was harsh.
Read all 10 key ideas now
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Вопросы о книге Армия Веллингтона, 1809–1814
What is Wellington's Army 1809-1814 about?
It describes the British army Wellington led in the Peninsular War, covering its commander, tactics, lieutenants, organization, officers, soldiers, allies, discipline, supply and daily life, drawing on diaries, letters and official records.
Who were Wellington's main lieutenants?
Oman discusses Hill, Beresford, Graham, Picton and Craufurd in detail. Hill was the kindest and most trusted, Beresford rebuilt the Portuguese army, Graham won at Barrosa, Picton led the 3rd Division and Craufurd led the Light Division.
Who was Rifleman Harris?
Rifleman Harris served in the 95th Rifles, and Oman values his little book as one of the liveliest soldiers' memoirs. Its stories flow with the order of events often lost, so Oman treats it as a picture of the rank and file.
Why did the British line beat the French column?
A British battalion in two ranks could fire all its muskets, while a French column of divisions let only about a fifth fire. Hidden lines, a strong skirmisher screen and protected flanks added to that advantage.
Is Wellington's Army a true account and when was it written?
Yes, it is a work of history, written by Oman and published in 1912. He builds it on official dispatches, general orders, court-martial records and soldiers' memoirs, and he warns readers about the faults of each source.
Как сослаться на это издание
Oman, Charles. Wellington's Army, 1809–1814. Library of Alexandria, 2026, libraryofalexandria.com/products/wellingtons-army-1809-1814.
Oman, C. (2026). Wellington's army, 1809–1814. Library of Alexandria. https://libraryofalexandria.com/products/wellingtons-army-1809-1814 (Original work published 1912)
Oman, Charles. Wellington's Army, 1809–1814. Library of Alexandria, 2026. https://libraryofalexandria.com/products/wellingtons-army-1809-1814.
@book{oman2026wellingtons,
author = {Oman, Charles},
title = {Wellington's Army, 1809–1814},
publisher = {Library of Alexandria},
year = {2026},
url = {https://libraryofalexandria.com/products/wellingtons-army-1809-1814},
note = {First published 1912}
}
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