Story summary
Streszczenie książki Młodość
- 8 min czytania
- 10 parts
- Nagranie wkrótce
Nicola, nearly sixteen, swears to become a new man this very minute, but cannot even rule a straight line.
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Młodość — najważniejsze informacje
Streszczenie: 8 min czytania
- Czas czytania
- Około 4 h 5 min3 h 15 min fast, 4 h 50 min slow
- Długość
- Liczba słów: 58 100
- Poziom trudności w bibliotece
- Wymagająca lektura long sentences, a rich vocabulary
- Pierwsze wydanie
- 1857by Lew Tołstoj
Reading time at 238 words a minute (fast 300, slow 200). Ile czasu zajmuje przeczytanie klasyków · Zaktualizowano
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Młodość in short
Youth follows roughly a year in the life of Nicola Irtenieff, from his springtime promise to change through his university troubles and renewed moral resolve. In between, he confesses, shops, smokes, quarrels, falls in and out of love, gains a stepmother and learns slowly who is kind and who only looks fine. What you keep is a clear picture of how vanity works.
What Młodość is about
Picture a boy of nearly sixteen on a windowsill on a spring morning, an algebra book at his side. He decides that from this very minute he will become a different person. By nightfall he has begun rules for his life and remembered a shameful sin he kept hidden.
That boy is Nicola Irtenieff, the hero of Youth. Leo Tolstoy wrote it as the last of three linked books about a young Russian gentleman. It follows Nicola through examinations, the University, a first pipe, a quarrel and his father's second marriage, told by a grown man who smiles at every pose his younger self strikes.
Dla kogo. Readers who love candid coming-of-age stories, vivid portraits of friends and families, and the humor of youthful mistakes will enjoy this book. It also suits those drawn to Russian student life.
The story in 10 parts
Key idea 1 · free to read
A spring morning turns a boy toward goodness
Nicola dates the start of his youth from one sudden moment. A belief he shares with his friend Dimitri, that a person can steadily improve, becomes a call to act. He is nearly sixteen, and he dislikes his plain face and large hands.
Then comes an April morning near Easter. Nicola is stuck on an algebra problem, cross, with chalk on his jacket. He remembers that he must go to confession that day, and at once he turns cheerful. Spring pours in through the open window, and he feels that beauty, happiness and virtue are one thing. He cries out that he will be someone else from this minute, then goes on sitting on the sill, dreaming.
He will give secretly to the poor and become the leading scholar in Europe. Each dream bends toward pride, and he stops to scold himself and start again. Good resolutions, felt strongly, can still be mostly daydream.
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Confession brings joy, then a muddy comedown
Back in the house, the mood must be turned into a plan.
- 3Zacznij za darmo, by czytać
The examinations test his pride and his sorting of people
Nicola enters the great hall of the University in his first frock coat, sure that everyone will stare.
- 4Zacznij za darmo, by czytać
Grown-up clothes, a sick pipe, and a restaurant quarrel
On the day of his last examination, Nicola receives his new tunic with gilt buttons.
- 5Zacznij za darmo, by czytać
Calls on relatives and a visit to a family of women
Papa has written out a list of calls, and Nicola sets out dreading every door.
- 6Zacznij za darmo, by czytać
Country summer and a father's new marriage
The brothers go home to the estate of Petrovskoe.
- 7Zacznij za darmo, by czytać
University life, loneliness, and a new set of friends
At his first lecture Nicola feels lost among the cheerful students.
- 8Zacznij za darmo, by czytać
Vanity is the real subject, and comme il faut is its name
The first theme is vanity, and it shows in nearly every scene.
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Friendship, love, and the cost of frankness
The second theme is how people truly connect.
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A grown man looks back on himself and laughs
Tolstoy tells Youth in the voice of the older Nicola, and that voice is the book's secret.
Read all 10 key ideas now
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Characters, plot and themes
Main characters
- Nicola Irtenieff The narrator, a Moscow student who wants to be good, brilliant, and admired all at once, and often fails at each.
- Dimitri Nechludoff Nicola's friend, who is stern with himself, devoted to moral growth, and loyal to the plain Lubov Sergievna.
- Woloda Nicola's older brother, a cool young man of the world who hides his feelings and loves cards and balls.
- Papa The charming, teasing father who gambles, falls in love easily, and marries the beautiful Avdotia Epifanov.
- Dubkoff A witty, polished friend of Woloda who loves cards, jokes, and parties, and whom Nicola unfairly insults.
- Varenika Dimitri's quiet, sensible sister, who speaks plainly and sees through her family's friends more than Nicola expects.
- Sophia Ivanovna Dimitri's kind, stout aunt, who gives practical love to everyone around her and asks for nothing in return.
- Zuchin A clever, rough-edged student leader who studies and drinks hard and draws Nicola toward his warm circle.
How it ends (spoiler)
Nicola goes to his first examination, on differentials and integrals, with no preparation and a head full of French chatter. The young professor tells him that he will not pass into the second course, and Ikonin is sent away with him. He spends three days weeping and blaming everyone. Papa and Woloda suggest another faculty. One evening he takes out his old rules, weeps again, and begins a new set, promising a happier period to come.
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Pytania o Młodość
What is Youth by Tolstoy about?
It follows Nicola Irtenieff from just before his sixteenth birthday through his first year at Moscow University. He tries to be good, clever, and admired, and learns slowly that showing off keeps him from real friends.
Is Youth a true story?
It is a novel that draws on Tolstoy's own early life, though names and events are shaped for fiction. It is the third part of a trilogy that begins with Childhood and Boyhood, and a grown narrator looks back on himself.
What does comme il faut mean in Youth?
It is French for correct or well bred. Nicola uses it as his main test of people, judging them by their French, their nails, their boots, and their air of boredom. Tolstoy calls this idea very destructive.
Who is Dimitri Nechludoff?
Dimitri is Nicola's closest friend, a serious, moral, and proud young man. He and Nicola promise each other total frankness. His family, the Nechludoffs, offers Nicola a model of warm, sensible home life.
Is Youth easy to read?
Yes is not needed here: the book comes in short chapters, each one a vivid scene with its own small lesson. The narrator speaks warmly and with humor, so the story moves along clearly and gently.
Zacytuj to wydanie
Tolstoy, Leo. Youth. Library of Alexandria, 2026, libraryofalexandria.com/products/youth-tolstoy.
Tolstoy, L. (2026). Youth. Library of Alexandria. https://libraryofalexandria.com/products/youth-tolstoy (Original work published 1857)
Tolstoy, Leo. Youth. Library of Alexandria, 2026. https://libraryofalexandria.com/products/youth-tolstoy.
@book{tolstoy2026youth,
author = {Tolstoy, Leo},
title = {Youth},
publisher = {Library of Alexandria},
year = {2026},
url = {https://libraryofalexandria.com/products/youth-tolstoy},
note = {First published 1857}
}
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