Second Treatise of Government, Chapter 11: riassunto
Chapter 11 di 19 · Book 2 · 12 min per leggere: chapter
In Chapter 11, the argument defines legislative authority as a public trust whose purpose is to protect society and its members’ property. Although the legislature is supreme, it must govern through established laws for the public good, obtain consent for taxation, and keep its lawmaking power in the hands the people authorize.
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- The community establishes the legislature, whose authority rests on consent and whose fundamental duty is preservation.
- Legislative power cannot be arbitrary because people cannot grant powers they do not themselves possess.
- Published laws and recognized judges must replace uncertain private judgments and unpredictable commands.
- Government cannot seize property without consent; military discipline illustrates how even absolute authority remains limited by its purpose.
- Public expenses justify proportionate contributions, but taxation requires consent through the majority or chosen representatives.
- The legislature cannot delegate its lawmaking authority, and the closing summary restates its obligations to society.
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Why can the legislature not transfer its lawmaking authority?
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