War and Peace, Book 11: 1812, Chapter 3 summary
Book 11: 1812, Chapter 3 of 365 · 5 min to read the chapter
In Chapter 3, Kutúzov hears the generals discuss the position before Moscow and recognizes that the army cannot defend it, despite his resistance to retreat. Troubled by responsibility and the threat to his authority, he summons the leading generals and rides to Filí without yet giving the retreat order.
What happens
- Ermólov reports that the position cannot support a battle, but Kutúzov initially rejects his advice to retreat.
- Generals gather around Kutúzov on Poklónny Hill and debate military plans, Moscow, and responsibility for the army’s situation.
- Kutúzov recognizes that commanders and soldiers consider the position indefensible, making a battle impossible.
- Bennigsen demands a defense of Moscow, while Kutúzov sees his arguments as an attempt to protect his reputation.
- Kutúzov struggles with the necessity of abandoning Moscow, summons the leading generals, and rides to Filí.

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In this chapter
What to notice
Kutúzov asserts personal responsibility after hearing arguments that offer him no answer. He ends the open discussion without yet announcing the retreat.
Quick check
Why does Kutúzov consider a battle at the chosen position impossible?

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