The Federalist Papers, Federalist No. 31 summary
Federalist No. 31 of 85 · 7 min to read the paper
In Federalist No. 31, Hamilton argues that national responsibilities require broad taxing authority because defense needs cannot have fixed limits and revenue collection through the states proves ineffective. He presents objections about state survival, then shifts attention from imagined abuses to constitutional powers, governmental structure, and the people’s responsibility for maintaining balance.
What happens
- Hamilton begins with basic principles and argues that passion and prejudice often obstruct sound political reasoning.
- He links unlimited possible defense needs to the necessity of broad national revenue powers.
- He argues that collecting revenue through the states proves ineffective, making direct federal taxation necessary.
- Opponents contend that federal taxing authority could monopolize revenue and destroy state governments.
- Hamilton argues that safeguards against usurpation depend on governmental structure and accountability to the people.
- He treats encroachment as possible on either side and urges examination of constitutional powers rather than speculative dangers.
Free for 3 months
Get the full summary of Le Fédéraliste, free
- 200,000+ classics as eBooks, audiobooks and 15-minute summaries, and print and large print at cost
- Up to 5 readers in your home on one plan
In this paper
What to notice
The people provide the ultimate basis of political authority. Their influence matters both to the risk of encroachment and to preserving constitutional balance.
Quick check
Where does Hamilton say safeguards against usurpation should chiefly be sought?
Free for 3 months
Get the full summary of Le Fédéraliste, free
- 200,000+ classics as eBooks, audiobooks and 15-minute summaries, and print and large print at cost
- Up to 5 readers in your home on one plan
15-minute summaries today, eBooks and audiobooks as each book opens, and printed books, large print included, at cost.
Try 3 months free
