Break the ice
To break the ice means to ease the awkwardness at the start of a meeting or conversation; the phrase appears in Shakespeare’s The Taming of the Shrew. It suggests clearing an obstacle so that people can speak or act more freely.
Where it comes from
Clearing the way
In Shakespeare’s play, the phrase means overcoming a difficulty that stands in other people’s way. The image is of breaking through ice to open a passage.
In The Taming of the Shrew, Tranio encourages Petruchio to court Katharina. If her marriage goes ahead, her younger sister Bianca will be allowed to marry too.
In The Taming of the Shrew by William Shakespeare
Starting on friendly terms
Today, the phrase usually means doing something small to help strangers or uneasy acquaintances relax. A greeting, a simple question, or a shared activity can do this.
At the first assembly in Pride and Prejudice, Bingley readily joins the dancing and gets acquainted with people. His friendly behaviour illustrates the ease that breaking the ice can bring.
In Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen
How to use Break the ice
- Use it for the first step toward a more comfortable conversation.
- Name the greeting, question, or activity that helped.
- Keep it for easing awkwardness rather than settling a serious quarrel.
Does breaking the ice have to involve a joke?
No, breaking the ice does not have to involve a joke. Introducing two people, asking about a shared interest, or offering a simple welcome can all help. The important thing is that the gesture makes conversation easier to begin.
Does Shakespeare use it in the same way people do today?
Not quite: Shakespeare uses it more broadly for overcoming an obstacle. In The Taming of the Shrew, Katharina’s marriage would clear the way for Bianca’s suitors. Today, the phrase most often describes easing social awkwardness rather than removing a practical barrier.
Related terms
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