North and South, Chapter 42 summary
Chapter 42 of 52 · 18 min to read the chapter
In Chapter 42, Margaret collapses after her father’s death, and Mr. Bell summons Mrs. Shaw, whose arrival finally brings her tears and renewed pressure to leave Milton. Thornton learns about Frederick, guards his feelings for Margaret, and describes a workers’ dining scheme that encourages closer contact without charity.
What happens
- Margaret lies silent and refuses food, so Mr. Bell orders Mrs. Shaw to come when Edith cannot travel.
- Mrs. Shaw arrives, and her resemblance to Margaret’s mother releases Margaret’s tears.
- Mrs. Shaw urges an immediate departure, but Margaret wants to see friends and say goodbye.
- Thornton offers Bell lodging and privately grieves over Margaret’s description of her suffering in Milton.
- Thornton describes the dining scheme developed with Higgins and refuses Bell’s donation to preserve its independence.

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In this chapter
What to notice
Thornton distinguishes cooperation from gifts handed down by a benefactor. His refusal of Bell’s money protects the workers’ paying role in the scheme.
Quick check
Why does Thornton refuse Bell’s offer of money for a workers’ feast?

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