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The Library
of Alexandria

Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes, Chapter 1 summary

Chapter 1 of 65 · Part 1: Of Man · 3 min to read the chapter

In Chapter 1, the narrator explains that every thought begins in sense, which arises when external objects press on bodily organs and produce inward motion and outward resistance. He distinguishes objects from their appearances and challenges university doctrines that explain perception and understanding through species.

What happens

  1. The narrator begins with individual thoughts and identifies sense as the source of every conception.
  2. External objects press on sensory organs, transmitting motion inward and producing an outward resistance that appears external.
  3. Light, sound, and other perceived qualities are appearances caused by motion, not qualities existing in objects as perceived.
  4. Glasses and echoes show that an object and its perceived appearance can occupy different places.
  5. The narrator challenges university explanations involving species and identifies meaningless language as something requiring reform.

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In this chapter

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What causes sense according to the narrator?

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