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The Library
of Alexandria

A reading guide

French classics

These French classics bring together novels, plays, tales, poems and philosophy for readers new to French literature. Start with Candide, where a young man's hopeful beliefs meet cruelty and disaster, then choose between adventure, romance, comedy and ideas.

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Where to start

  1. Start hereCandideVoltaire

    Start with a traveller whose hopeful beliefs collide with war and disaster, giving the journey a sharp satirical edge.

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  2. Another way inThe MiserMolière

    Choose family comedy, with a father's marriage schemes colliding with his children's wish to marry for love.

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  3. Or tryBeauty and the BeastJeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont

    Choose a fairy tale about fear and judgment, as Beauty learns to look beyond her frightening host's appearance.

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The books

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Novels and tales

#First publishedBookKindRead
11759
CandideVoltaire

A young traveller's belief that everything happens for good meets war, disaster and persecution across an unfamiliar world.

NovelFree to startRead free
21856
Madame BovaryGustave Flaubert

A country doctor's wife pursues the passion and luxury she imagined through romantic novels, turning beyond her marriage.

NovelFree to startRead free
31862
Les MisérablesVictor Hugo

A former prisoner tries to rebuild his life and care for Cosette while an inspector pursues him.

NovelFree to startRead free
41844
The Count of Monte CristoAlexandre Dumas; Auguste Maquet

A young sailor imprisoned through conspiracy escapes and returns under a new identity to seek revenge.

NovelFree to startRead free
51835
Father GoriotHonoré de Balzac

A student seeking entry into Parisian society lives beside a father who has given his wealth to his daughters.

NovelFree to startRead free
61885
GerminalÉmile Zola

A young machinist finds work among coal miners whose families face hunger as they go on strike.

NovelFree to startRead free
71844
The Three MusketeersAlexandre Dumas; Auguste Maquet

An aspiring musketeer befriends three swordsmen whose loyalty draws him into secret missions and the competing interests of court.

NovelFree to startRead free
81872
Around the World in Eighty DaysJules Verne

A gentleman with exact daily habits sets off with his new servant to circle the globe within eighty days.

NovelFree to startRead free
91913
Swann's WayMarcel Proust

Childhood summers, family routines and memories awakened by a madeleine meet a jealous love affair in this exploration of desire.

NovelFree to startRead free
101678
The Princess of ClevesMadame de La Fayette

A married noblewoman at the French court weighs her love for another man against her vows and moral principles.

NovelFree to startRead free
11·
Gargantua and PantagruelFrançois Rabelais

Two giants encounter scholars, monks, rulers and fools amid adventures involving learning, religion, war and ways of living.

NovelFree to startRead free
121756
Beauty and the BeastJeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont

A merchant's daughter lives with a frightening beast and learns to judge a host whose appearance makes her afraid.

StoriesFree to startRead free
131697
The Fairy Tales of Charles PerraultCharles Perrault

Children, princesses and younger sons face dangerous strangers, spells and sudden changes of fortune in tales of magic and cunning.

StoriesFree to startRead free
141752
MicromegasVoltaire

A giant visitor and his companion encounter human thinkers whose tiny bodies contrast with their claims about the universe.

StoriesFree to startRead free
151920
ChériColette

A courtesan and her younger lover confront their attachment when his mother arranges for him to marry.

NovelFree to startRead free

Plays, poems and ideas

#First publishedBookKindRead
11669
The MiserMolière

A father's determination to protect his wealth and arrange marriages clashes with his children's wishes to marry for love.

PlayFree to startRead free
21898
Cyrano de BergeracEdmond Rostand

A swordsman and poet helps another man court the woman he loves by supplying words his rival cannot find.

PlayFree to startRead free
31637
Discourse on the MethodRené Descartes

A philosopher questions accepted beliefs and his own education in search of a foundation for certain knowledge.

Non-fictionFree to startRead free
41670
Pascal's PenséesBlaise Pascal

Reflections on restlessness, uncertainty and the limits of reason build an argument for Christian belief.

Non-fictionFree to startRead free
51922
CharmsPaul Valéry

Scenes of waking, silence and life beside the sea become occasions for poems exploring how thought meets the world.

PoemsFree to startRead free

Questions

What are the most famous French classics?

Begin with titles such as Les Misérables, Madame Bovary, The Count of Monte Cristo and The Three Musketeers. Their stories offer different routes into French literature: a former prisoner's new life, a wife's search for romance, revenge after wrongful imprisonment, and friendship amid royal plots.

Where should I start with classic French literature?

Start with Candide for a journey in which hopeful beliefs collide with cruelty and disaster. For family comedy, choose The Miser and its competing marriage plans. For a fairy tale about judging beyond appearances, choose Beauty and the Beast.

Which French classics are the shortest?

Beauty and the Beast, Micromegas and Charms are the shortest selections here. Choose Beauty and the Beast for a merchant's daughter and her frightening host, Micromegas for visitors encountering human thinkers, or Charms for poems shaped around thought, voices and natural scenes.

Which French classic novels were written in the nineteenth century?

Nineteenth-century selections here range from Father Goriot (1835) to Germinal (1885). Other choices are The Count of Monte Cristo (1844), The Three Musketeers (1844), Madame Bovary (1856), Les Misérables (1862) and Around the World in Eighty Days (1872).

What kinds of writing are on this list?

The list brings together novels, fairy tales, satire, plays, poems and philosophy. Adventure appears in The Three Musketeers, family comedy in The Miser, and verse in Charms. Discourse on the Method explores knowledge through doubt, while Pascal's Pensées considers human nature and Christian faith.

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