A wolf in sheep's clothing
A wolf in sheep's clothing is someone who appears harmless or trustworthy but means to deceive or hurt others; the image appears in The Gospel According to Matthew, in a warning about false religious teachers.
Where it comes from
The biblical warning
The image appears in Jesus's Sermon on the Mount. It warns that a gentle appearance can conceal someone dangerous.
In The Gospel According to Matthew, Jesus warns his listeners against false prophets who look harmless but are inwardly destructive. He tells listeners to judge them by what they do.
In The Gospel According to Matthew by Traditionally attributed to Matthew
What it means now
Today the phrase describes a person whose friendly or innocent manner hides harmful intentions. It suggests deliberate deception, not simply a difference between appearance and character.
In David Copperfield, Uriah Heep presents himself as humble while gaining power over Mr Wickfield. Mr Micawber eventually exposes his dishonest dealings.
In David Copperfield by Charles Dickens
How to use A wolf in sheep's clothing
- Use it for someone whose harmless appearance hides harmful intentions.
- Show the contrast between the person's manner and actions.
- Avoid using it for an ordinary mistake or disagreement.
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Does it mean the same thing as a hypocrite?
Not exactly: a hypocrite pretends to hold beliefs or standards that their actions contradict. A wolf in sheep's clothing specifically hides danger behind a harmless appearance. The phrase puts more weight on a concealed threat than on a failure to practise what someone preaches.
Can it describe someone who is merely unfriendly?
No, unfriendliness alone is not enough. The phrase suggests that someone deliberately presents a safe or kindly face while concealing harmful aims. It is a strong accusation, so it fits best when there is clear evidence of deception rather than a bad first impression.
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